A literature review is an inherent part of each research project. This is because it helps you to understand the relevant background of the broader research area and the associated political, environmental, societal, technological and economic contexts.
Why is literature review important? Do I have to include a literature review in my research proposal? Do I have to do it at the very beginning of the project?
These were the main questions that revolved around my head when I was at the very beginning of my academic career. And it seems that it was not just me asking such questions. I often hear them in discussions with current PhDs and others doing research.
It may seem that the literature review is a daunting challenge. I have seen recommendations to outsource your literature review or leave it until the very of your research project. It is sometimes regarded as an unnecessary activity that “prevents” you from doing the actual research, which may be draining your motivation. Read how to stay motivated here!
If you think in this way, I want you to ask yourself the following question and answer it honestly:
“Do I want to contribute towards the scientific discovery, or do I just want to get a PhD title?”
Believe me, there is a massive difference in the attitude between these goals.
A comprehensive literature review is THE FOUNDATION of your research project because it enables you to:
- understand the context and fundamental knowledge associated with your research;
- understand what work has already been done in the area of your project;
- notice any trends and correlations in the past work;
- determine research gaps and underlying challenges that need to be solved;
- identify the best (or worst) approach to tackle particular challenge; and finally,
- scope your project, clearly define your aim and objectives that when completed, will push the boundary of knowledge!
I trust you now agree with me that the literature review is essential! When executed competently, it will set a clear direction for your project and enable you to complete it on time and to a high quality.
Now, to reduce the burden associated with searching for the literature and organising your references, there are several tools that will improve your productivity when writing a literature review for your project.
Below I present the tools that I currently use (or used to use) when writing a literature review. I hope you will find it useful.
If there are any tools that you use to do a literature review, please share them in the comment!
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